Liability shift occurs when Stripe attempts 3D Secure authentication, the customer authenticates, and that information is transmitted to the card issuing bank. In this case, the bank is liable for any fraudulent-type disputes filed. In rare cases, payments that are successfully authenticated using 3DS don’t experience a liability shift. See more about these exceptions here.
If an exemption is requested, such as the Merchant Initiated Transaction or Mail Order/Telephone Order exemptions, and it is approved by the bank, these do not shift liability from you as the merchant. The only way to obtain a liability shift is to have the customer authenticate via 3DS.
Disputes for reasons other than "Fraudulent" are not covered by bank-approved authentication liability shift. You are still liable for other dispute types.
Exemptions are not guaranteed. Even if you request an exemption, the bank can deny the request and require completion of the 3DS flow for the customer.
3D Secure (Stripe guide)